Evaluation of ecological restoration effect in coal mining area based on ecosystem service function

The assessment of ecological restoration effects in coal mining area needs to break through the limitations of traditional single indicators and construct a scientific evaluation system from a comprehensive perspective of improving ecosystem service functions. Taking the Buertai mining field in Ejin Horo Banner as the research object, based on the currently commonly used ecosystem service material quantity assessment model and value calculation method, combined with GIS spatial analysis, the material quantity and value of the coal mining area (Buertai mining field) and the non-coal mining area (the area of Ejin Horo Banner except Buertai mining field) before and after ecological restoration were quantified. And explore the impact of land use and vegetation coverage on ecosystem services, and evaluate the ecosystem restoration effect of the Buertai mining field. The results show that: ① The average material quantity of soil conservation per area in the Buertai mining field in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 was 17.7, 9.02, 20.31 and 26.96 t/hm² respectively; The average material quantity of windbreak and sand fixation per area was 45.77, 43.3,46.06 and 50.37 t/hm² respectively. The material quantity of carbon storage per area was 9.8054, 9.795, 9.8059 and 9.814 t/hm² respectively. During this period, there was a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. And they all show a positive correlation with grassland, forest land and vegetation coverage, and a negative correlation with construction land and unused land. ② The average of the total value of ecosystem services per area in the Buertai mining field in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 was 1772.91, 1342.98, 1825.54 and 2154.98 yuan/hm² respectively. Generally, it showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, which was consistent with the changing trend of the quality of ecosystem services. ③ The soil conservation and windbreak and sand fixation functions of the Buertai mining field gradually returned to a level close to that of the non-coal mining area after 2010, indicating a good ecological restoration effect. The carbon storage is still lower than that in non-coal mining area, indicating that the protection and restoration of the coal mining area ecosystem need to be continuously strengthened. The research results have important reference significance for regional ecological restoration.